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CHAPTER 10

Start with an Exam

PART 1

Signs of Atherosclerosis

Doctors may find evidence of atherosclerosis in the course of a physical exam. Signs may include:

  • Whooshing sounds (bruits), heard with a stethoscope

  • Weak or absent pulse in affected regions

  • Decreased blood pressure in a limb

  • Poor wound healing in affected regions

  • Signs of an aneurysm in the abdomen or below the knee
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PART 2

Diagnostic Tests

If signs of atherosclerosis are present, diagnostic tests may be performed. Diagnostic tests may include one or more of the following:

  • Blood tests. Can detect increased levels of cholesterol and blood sugar that can increase risk for atherosclerosis

  • Electrocardiogram (EKG). Records electrical activity of your heart and may show evidence of a heart attack, either in the past or in progress

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  • Angiogram. Pinpoints blockages in the heart’s blood circulation. An X-ray contrast dye is injected into the coronary arteries, and fast-moving X-ray images are monitored on a screen while the dye flows through the arteries.

  • Other imaging tests. Ultrasound exams, computerized tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance angiograms (MRAs) allow the doctor the study the arteries for signs of atherosclerosis or other problems.

  • Doppler ultrasound. Measures blood pressure in the limbs and helps determine the amount of blockage in the arteries

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